Kingdom of Jerusalem | Historical states



Kingdom of Jerusalem, state established in 1099 from Palestinian territory reclaimed from Muslims by European Christians during the First Crusade and which existed until 1291, when the kingdom's two remaining cities succumbed to attacks by Muslim armies. 

True Kingdom, roughly corresponding to what is today Israel and the Palestinian territories, southern Lebanon and southwestern Jordan, consisting of four major baronies: 

districts of Jaffa and Ascalon, lordship of Krak or Montreal, duchy of Galilee, and lord of Sidon. 

Even though fiefdoms tended to be hereditary, kings often had to intervene to resolve conflicts over succession and enforce the Assizes of Jerusalem, the code of laws on which the kingdom's government was based. 

Kingdom of Jerusalem Economically, the kingdom was not wealthy, relying on trade with Muslims, banking, and taxes on pilgrims to keep the government running and provide for defense. 

After the failure of the Second Crusade (1147), the Muslims began to strengthen their position. 

Saladin's army invaded Jerusalem in 1187 and despite some territorial recovery during the Third Crusade (late 12th century), the city remained in Muslim hands.

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